Effects of Teneligliptin on Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Introduction: Teneligliptin, a cost-effective gliptin widely used in India, has shown promising effects on glycemic control, but
its impact on left ventricular (LV) function remains under-explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of teneligliptin on
LV function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: This prospective, single-center study enrolled 60 T2D patients with
glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≤7.5%, excluding those with pre-existing cardiac or severe renal/hepatic conditions. Teneligliptin
20 mg daily was added to their existing therapy. Clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic evaluations were conducted
at baseline and after 3 months. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0. Results: Sixty patients (33 males)
were able to complete the 3-month study with mean age of 48.86 ± 10.91 years. Mean HbA1c significantly reduced from
6.84 ± 0.42% to 6.22 ± 0.29% (p < 0.01), and mean fasting plasma glucose also reduced significantly from 116.2 ± 14.2 mg/dL to
104.2 ± 20.4 mg/dL (p < 0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction improved from 58.6 ± 4.0% to 59.6 ± 3.8% (p = 0.003), and E-wave
velocity increased slightly (p = 0.049). The proportion of patients with normal diastolic function increased significantly from
30% to 56% (p < 0.02, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). No significant changes were observed in body weight, blood pressure, or lipid
parameters. A mild but significant reduction in eGFR was noted from 92.98 ± 13.7 to 90.70 ± 14.0 mL/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.001.
A significant negative correlation was found between HbA1c and E/A ratio (r = −0.407, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Teneligliptin
significantly improved glycemic control and modestly enhanced LV systolic and diastolic functions in T2D patients over
3 months.