To Study the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Dyslipidemia in Patients of Xanthelasma Palpebrarum at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) are yellow plaques that occur most commonly near the inner canthus of the eyelid,
more often on the upper lid than the lower lid, and are often associated with dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, obesity, etc. Aim: This study was planned to address the issue of prevalence of dyslipidemia and metabolic
syndrome in xanthelasma patients attending dermatology clinic at a tertiary care hospital, Ajmer, Rajasthan. Material and
methods: A total of 73 patients were detected to be having xanthelasma and constituted the study group. The control group
constituted 73 apparently normal individuals. Each patient underwent detailed history and examination. Body mass index
(BMI), waist circumference, arterial blood pressures, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum lipids, and liver enzyme levels
were estimated in cases and controls. Results: The most prevalent age group was 40 to 50 years. Females outnumbered males.
Dyslipidemia was present in 63% and metabolic syndrome in 45.2% of cases. The mean levels of FPG, BMI, waist circumference
in XP patients were significantly higher in patients than those in controls. Conclusions: A significant number of cases of XP
are found to be associated with metabolic syndrome, central obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia which
are the major risk factors for coronary artery diseases. Efforts should be made to rule out the same in xanthelasma subjects.