Sustenance in Chronic Kidney Disease: Beyond the Calorie Count

Abstract

Diet and nutrition play key roles in the management of metabolic disorders like hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. All these conditions are linked with the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD frequently exhibit a progressive loss of muscle and fat mass that may not be related to reduced intake alone. This article provides a comprehensive overview of protein-energy wasting (PEW) in CKD, including its etiology and the obesity paradox and the nutritional guiding principles.